Ladder



G. A. JOHNSON.

LADDER.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 20. 1919.

1,397,21 6, Patented Nov. 15, 1921.. i3 1 I N VEN TOR. WITNESSES:6:201:96 HJMJ/L FFIQE.

TO WILLIAM. H. MINER, OF

LADDER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 15, 1921.

Application filed January 20, 1919. Serial No. 271,959.

T 0 cl] whom it may concern Be it known that I, GEORGE A. JorINsoN, acitizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cookand State of Illinois, have invented a certain new and usefulImprovement in Ladders, of which the following is a full, clear,concise, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings, forming a part of this specification.

This invention relates to improvements in ladders.

The object of the invention is to provide a strong ladder moreparticularly adapted for permanent attachment to wall structures such asthe walls of a car.

More specifically, the object of the invention is to provide a carladder of strong, durable construction and one which may be readilymanufactured and applied at comparatively small expense.

In the drawing forming a part of this specification, Figure 1 is a sideelevational View of the end portion of a box car showing my improvedladder applied thereto. Fig. 2 is a vertical, sectional view takensubstantially on the line 22 of Fig. 1. And Fig. 3 is an enlarged,horizontal, sectional view taken substantially on the line 3-3 of Fig.1.

In said drawings, 10 denotes the side wall of a box car, 11 the roofthereof and 12 the usual step. The improved side ladder, as shown,consists of two stiles A-A and a series of rungs B.

Each stile A, as shown, is made from an ordinary commercial angle ironhav ng flanges 13 and 14. At each end of the stile, the angle iron isbent as indicated at 15 l5 in Fig. 2, in order to properly space thestile from the surface of the wall and at the ex treme ends, the flanges13 and 141 of the angle iron are flattened into a common plane, asindicated at 1616, these flattened portions 16 being suitably perforatedto accominodate securing bolts 17 or other securing means. As clearlyindicated in Fig.3, the flanges of the angle iron stiles are disposed atapproximately 45 to the wall of the car and with the angle between theflanges 13 and 14 at the greatest distance from the wall.

Each angle iron has the flanges 13 and 1 1 thereof provided with aplurality of henzontally alined perforations 18 and 19, the

perforations 1818 and l919 being separated vertically a distancecorresponding to the desired distance between the rungs of the ladder.The rungs B are formed by sections of rods or bars, preferably round.these sections or bars being cut ed to such length that after beingpassed horizontally through the perforations 18 and 19 in the twostiles, the ends 20-20 of the rungs can be bent outwardly and theninwardly toward each other about the adjacent portion of the stiles asindicated in Fig. 1, thus avoiding necessity for upsetting of the rodmetal. When the stiles are held in proper spaced relation, it is evidentthat the rungs B will be maintained taut and will aflord a firm grip. Itwill also be noted that by arranging the angle irons as shown anddescribed, the same afford great strength against buckling or bending.In manufacturing the ladder, it is evident ordinary commercial angleirons may be employed and commercial bars or rods for the rungs. Theangle irons can be perforated in the shop and the rungs applied theretoat coniparatively small expense. The ladder can be easily applied to newor old cars and a secure connection eflected inasmuch as the lower endsof the stiles can be bolted through the side sills 21 of the car and attheir upper ends through the side plates 22.

Although I have herein shown and described what 1 now consider thepreferred manner of carrying out my invention, the same is merelyillustrated and I contemplate such changes and modifications as comewithin the scope of the claims appended hereto.

I claim:

1. In a car ladder, the combination with a. pair of angle ironsconstituting stiles, each angle iron having the flanges thereof arrangedsubstantially at 15 to the wall of the car with the angle farthest fromthe wall, the ends of the angle iron having the flanges thereofflattened into a common plane to thereby adapt the angle iron to besecured to the car, each of said angle irons being provided with aplurality of sets of perforations, each set comprising two perforations,one in each flange, the perforations of each set being in horizontalalinement and the corresponding sets on the two angle irons being alsoin horizontal alinement; of a series of rod-like rungs extendingstraight through the corresponding sets of perforations, the ends ofsaid rungs outside of the sills being curved around adjacent portions ofthe angle irons to thereby secure the rungs in place.

2. In a car ladder, the combination Witha pair of standard rolled shapesconstituting stiles, each of said shapes having two sections thereofextending divergently to Ward the Wall of the car and With each sectionat an angle of less than 90 to said wall, each of said shapes having aplurality of sets of perforations and each set comprising tWo adjacentholes one in each of said sections, the holes in each set being disposedin horizontal alineinent, the sets of one stile being also in horizontalalinenient with the corresponding sets of the other stile; of aplurality of rod-like rungs extending through said perforations paralleito the Wall of the car, the ends of said rungs being bent over adjacentportions of said stiles to thereby retain the rungs in position.

In Witness that I claim the foregoing 1 have hereunto subscribed my namethis 5th day of Jan, 1919.

- GEORGE A. JOHNSON.

